Sometimes winters are so severe that, despite all the efforts to keep the house warm, you still have to freeze. In this case, heaters come to the rescue, which modern industry produces in a wide range. Traditionally, the inhabitants of our country use safe oil coolers. Electric convectors and fan heaters are also used. In a well-insulated house, it is advisable to use economical infrared heaters that do not heat the air, but objects and people.
The best option is new generation equipment: air conditioners with heating function, heat pumps, solar collectors and batteries. Despite their high cost, they are the most energy efficient.
Heat pumps are equipment that, thanks to technology, multiply the thermal energy of alternative sources (ground, ambient air, groundwater) and transfer it to the heating system.
The sun and air are sources of inexhaustible low-temperature heat. Such thermal energy is free and renewable.
The principle of operation of a heat pump.
The operation of a heat pump can be divided into 5 stages:
- Freon boiling in the evaporator.
- Compression of the refrigerant by the compressor.
- Heat transfer from the condenser to the heating circuit.
- Passage of the cooled condensed refrigerant through the throttle valve.
- Return of cooled and liquid freon to the evaporator heat exchanger.
The purpose of heat pumps is heating and cooling. An additional function is to heat water for domestic or industrial use. This is the most functional equipment compared to any boilers or air conditioners.
The heat pump works very economically, because it consumes energy only for the operation of the compressor and circulation pumps. The energy efficiency of heat pumps is very high. The energy conversion coefficient reaches 4–6 and even higher. This means that each kilowatt of energy used is converted by the heat pump into 3-5 kilowatts of heat, which is used to heat the house or to heat water.
Bottom line: you will have to pay several times less for heating a house or heating water than when using an electric boiler or boiler. You can save up to 75-80% on heating costs!
Types of heat pumps:
- Geothermal heat pump (this is a system that draws excess heat from a layer of surface soil, deep wells or the nearest body of water).
- Heat pump "water - water" (the principle of operation is based on the extraction of heat from groundwater).
- Air-to-water heat pump (its heat output depends on the outside air temperature).
- Air-to-air heat pump (similar in principle to a cooling / heating air conditioner, but with heating priority. This heat pump is used as a system that saves money not only on heating the house).